Obstetrics

Pharmacology of Preeclampsia & Eclampsia

Drug Guide

Pharmacology of Obstetrics

Preeclampsia and eclampsia require urgent pharmacological control of hypertension and seizures. Definitive treatment is delivery, but drugs stabilize the mother.

1. Antihypertensives

Drug Dose Notes
Labetalol 20–80 mg IV q10min First-line
Methyldopa 250–500 mg PO TDS Safe, long-term
Nifedipine 10–20 mg PO Avoid with MgSO₄
Hydralazine 5–10 mg IV Emergency
Contraindicated: ACEi, ARBs, diuretics

2. Anticonvulsants: MgSO₄

Pritchard Regimen

  • Loading: 4g IV + 10g IM
  • Maintenance: 5g IM q4h ×24h
  • Monitor: RR ≥16, reflexes, UO ≥25 mL/h
  • Antidote: Calcium gluconate 10 mL IV

3. Corticosteroids (<34w)

  • Betamethasone 12mg IM ×2
  • For fetal lung maturity only

4. Fluid Management

  • ≤80 mL/h
  • Avoid overload
  • NS or RL

Summary Table

Aim Drug Notes
BP control Labetalol, Nifedipine Avoid ACEi
Seizures MgSO₄ 24h postpartum
Fetal lungs Betamethasone <34w

Key Takeaways

  • Labetalol = 1st-line BP
  • MgSO₄ Pritchard regimen
  • Monitor reflexes, RR, UO
  • Calcium gluconate = antidote
  • Delivery = cure

Conclusion

Pharmacology bridges the gap to safe delivery. Know the drugs, doses, and monitoring.

Preeclampsia is managed — not cured — until delivery.